[关于犬展赛]

　　The basic purpose of dog shows is to facilitate the evaluation of breeding stock for use in producing the next generations.

　　[举行犬展赛的基本目标是促进那些用于繁殖下一代的（各类犬）种群的评价。]

　　JUDGING AND STANDARDS

　　[评判和标准]

　　Each breed's parent club creates a STANDARD, a written description of the ideal specimen of that breed.

　　 [每一个品种的分会都制定出一个书面化的用该品种典型的特征来描述的标准。]

　　 Generally relating form to function, i.e., the original function that the dog was bred to perform.

　　[（标准）主要与职能相关，也就是最最初的犬被驯养来实现的职能。]

　　most standards describe general appearance, movement, temperament, and specific physical traits such as height and weight, coat, colors, eye color and shape, ear shape and placement, feet, tail, and more.

　　[多数标准描绘了（犬的）通常外观，运动，性情，以及一些具体的身体特点，诸如：身高，体重，被毛，颜色，眼睛的颜色和形状，耳朵的形状和位置，足部，尾部等等。]

　　Some standards can be very specific, some can be rather general and leave much room for individual interpretation by judges.

　　[ 有一些标准是非常具体的，有一些则是概括的，给裁判员个性化的判断以更大的空间。]

　　This results in the sport's subjective basis: one judge, applying his or her interpretation of the standard, giving his or her opinion of the best dog on that particular day.

　　 [这些导致在此项活动中的主观评价：一名裁判员，运用他或她对标准的理解，评选出展赛当天最好的犬。]

　　Standards are written, maintained and owned by the parent clubs of each breed.

　　[所有标准由每一个品种的分会制订、修改和拥有。]

　　（解释了标准的来源----是依据最初犬被驯养来实现的职能，这非常关键。也强调了展赛评判的主观性。）

　　BENCHED SHOWS

　　[长椅式展赛]

　　The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is one of the few benched dog shows in this country.

　　[西敏寺犬俱乐部的展赛是我国少数长倚式展赛之一。]

　　Originally, most shows were "benched" in some fashion, where the entered dogs were required to be in assigne

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